Q.1) Discuss the role of women in the freedom struggle especially during the Gandhian phase. (10 marks) Q.2) How different would have been the achievement of Indian independence without Mahatma Gandhi? Discuss. (15 marks) Q.3) Many voices had strengthened and enriched the nationalist movement during the Gandhian phase. Elaborate. (15 marks)
Q.1) Why did the ‘Moderates’ fail to carry conviction with the nation about their proclaimed ideology and political goals by the end of the nineteenth century? (10 marks) Q.2) The Swadeshi movement introduced new techniques and sections to the freedom struggle. Discuss. (15 marks) Q.3) The early nationalist created the much-needed base for the freedom
Q.1) Explain how the Uprising of 1857 constitutes an important watershed in the evolution of British policies towards colonial India. (10 marks) Q.2) The socio-religious movements are largely concentrated on issues of women. Discuss. (15 marks) Q.3) The 1857 uprising was the culmination of the recurrent, big and small local rebellions that had occurred in
Q.1) Clarify how mid-eighteenth-century India was beset with the spectre of a fragmented polity. (10 marks) Q.2) The victory in the battle of Plassey paved the way to rule over entire Indian sub-continent for Britishers. (15 marks) Q.3) Give an account of the People’s resistance against British rule before 1857. (10 marks)
Q.1) Discuss the Tandava dance as recorded in the early Indian inscriptions. (10 marks) Q.2) Sufis and medieval mystic saints failed to modify either the religious ideas and practices or the outward structure of Hindu / Muslim societies to any appreciable extent. Comment. (15 marks) Q.3) Write a short note on Sattriya dance. (15 marks)
Q.1) Write a short note on mudras and postures as depicted in India’s bronze sculptures. (15 marks) Q.2) Give an account of the new features that got added to Indian architecture and emergence of the Indo-Islamic architecture. (15 marks) Q.3) Discuss the features of the Chola period Nataraja bronze sculpture. (10 marks)
Q.1) Chola architecture represents a high watermark in the evolution of temple architecture. Discuss. (10 marks) Q.2) Give an account of mural traditions of South India. (15 marks) Q.3) Write a short note on Kailashnath temple at Ellora. (15 marks)
Q.1) Differentiate between Mathura and Gandhara schools of art. (10 marks) Q.2) How do you justify the view that the level of excellence of Gupta numismatic art is not at all noticeable in later times? Q.3) Discuss the characteristics of the cave architecture of western India. (20 marks)
Q.1) To what extent has the urban planning and culture of the Indus Valley Civilization provided inputs to the present-day urbanization? Discuss. (10 marks) Q.2) Mesolithic rock cut architecture of India not only reflects the cultural life of the times but also a tine aesthetic sense comparable to modem painting. Critically evaluate this comment. (15
Q.1) What are the key areas of reform if the WTO has to survive in the present context of ‘Trade War’, especially keeping in mind the interest of India? (10 marks) Q.2) Discuss the impediments India is facing in its pursuit of a permanent seat in UN Security Council. (10 marks) Q.3) What are the