Q.31) Answer (c)
It is included in the Liberal Intellectual Principles. Article – 48.
Q.32) Answer (c)
A number of provisions in the Constitution can be amended by a simple majority of the two Houses of Parliament outside the scope of Article 368. These provisions include:
• Admission or establishment of new states.
• Formation of new states and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing states.
• Abolition or creation of legislative councils in states. Etc
The option 2 and 3 can be amended as per the Article 368.
Q.33) Answer. (a)
Statement 1 and 2 are incorrect.
The parliamentary system of government in India is largely based on the British parliamentary system. however, it never became a replica of the British system and differs in the following respects:
Usually, the members of parliament alone are appointed as ministers in Britain. India, a person who is not a member of parliament can also be appointed as minister, but for a maximum period of 6 months.
In Britain, the prime minister should be a member of lower house of the parliament. In India, the prime minister may be a member of any of the two houses of the parliament. For example, three prime ministers, Indira Gandhi (1966), Devegowda (1996), and Manmohan Singh (2004), were members of Rajya Sabha.
Britain has the system of legal responsibility of the minister while India has no such system. Unlike in Britain, the ministers in India are not required to countersign the official acts of the head of the state.
Q.34) Answer (a)
It is this duty in the performance of which the Centre takes over the government of a state under Article 356 in case of failure of constitutional machinery in state. This is popularly known as ‘President’s Rule’. It is also known as ‘State Emergency’ or ‘Constitutional Emergency’.
A proclamation of President’s Rule may be revoked by the President at any time by a subsequent proclamation. Such a proclamation does not require the parliamentary approval.
The President can promulgate, when the Parliament is not in session, ordinances for the governance of the state during President’s Rule or Constitutional emergency.
Q.35) Answer (d)
Q.36) Answer (a)
Q.37) Answer (a)
Q.38) Answer (a)
Q.39) Answer (c)
Q.40) Answer (c)
Q.41) Answer (a)
Q.42) answer (b)
Q.43) Answer (d)
Q.44) Answer (b)
Q.45) Answer (c)
Q.46) Answer (d)
Q.47) Answer (d)
Q.48) Answer (b)
Q.49) Answer (b)
Q.50) Answer (d)